OKTI

”GROSS NATIONAL HAPPINESS” SEBAGAI MODEL INDIKATOR PENGAMBILAN KEBIJAKAN PEMBANGUNAN YANG BERMARTABAT, HUMANIS DAN BERWAWASAN LINGKUNGAN

ABSTRACT

Since Gross National Product (GNP) has become an indicator of development in 1950s, so many critiques appear on that policy because the GNP only has single dimension and it cannot capture all aspects in society such as cultural, social, politic and other aspects that actually done by people. As the result, the objectives of the development policy are improper and causing many negative impacts.

Gross National Happiness (GNH) has been assumed to be able to make perfectness of the above weaknesses, because GNH has five dimensions, as follows: human resourses capital, social capital, ecological capital, economic capital, and cultural capital. Furthermore, GNH has also considered nine values in society: psychological well-being, time use, community vitality, culture, health, education, environment diversity, living standard, and governance.

There are many stimulators and opportunity factors in implementing GNH in Indonesia, because the social values has been already implemented since our ancestors, such as cooperation/helping one another, bearing together of expenses, and tolerance, etc. Aside from that, there are many threats should be faced such as high population with, of course, high heteroginity and geographic conditions as an archipelago are also considered to be difficulties in making and implementing GNH indicator. 

Key words : Gross National Product, Gross National Happines, Happiness